Dynamo-electric machine



Jan. 6. 1925. 1,522,027

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Patented Jan. 6, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS AND JESSEL ROSEN, 0E NEWNCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, ENG-LAND; SAID BOSEN ASSIGNDR TO SAID PARSONS.

DYNAMO-ELECTREG IVIAGHINE.

Application filed. lliiay 1.2,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Gnannns Ancnsnvox 1)ARSONS and JEssnL Rosnn, bothsubjects of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and both residing atHeaton lVoi-ks, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county of Northumberland,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Dynamo-Electric Machines. of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to the cooling of dynamo-electric machines andparticularly to improvements in the cooling arrange ments described inthe British patent specification No. 15585 of 1914-.

According to the invention therein described, a certain proportion ofthe air admitted to the end guards 01 a stator for the purpose ofcooling the stator end wind ings passes directly to the outlet withoutefiecting any cooling action and the main object of the presentinvention is to improve the efiiciency of such an arrangement so as toobtain a greater degree of cooling per unit volume of cooling airsupplied.

lVith this object the invention consists in the particular combinationof elements hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in theclaims.

Referring to the accompanying diagram matic drawings:-

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through. a high-speed alternatorembodying one form of the present invention, the section being taken onthe line AB of Figure 2, while Figure 2 is a cross-section taken on theline CD of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a sectional elevation on the line 33 of Figure 4 of asmuch of a dynamo as is necessary for explaining a modification of theinvention,

Figure 1 being a corresponding cross-section on the line 4lt of Figure3; while finally Figure 5 shows an elevation to a larger scale of one ofthe radial cliverters.

The general course of the cooling air is indicated in the figures byarrows.

In carrying the invention into eflect according to the illustrative formshown in Figures 1 and 2, cooling air is supplied by any suitable meanssuch as a fan to the Serial No. 838,533.

ducts, a, and passes thence through the apertures, B, to the endwindings.

The general arrangement of the ducts, a, for cooling the main body ofthe alternator is as described in the British patent specification No.15585 of 191 1, and does not need further description here.

As regards the cooling of the end windings, 0, however, in order toprevent partial by-passing of the cooling air, the space in which theylie is divided into a number of cells by help of radial diverters, e,and circum'terential diverters, 7, arranged as shown so that each cellis supplied with cooling air through its appropriate aperture, 6, andthis air is compelled by reason of the disposition oi the diverters topass to the outlet k, through the end windings lying in the particularcell concerned. The cells so formed may be arranged round, say,twothirds oi? the circumference, the cooling air after passing throughthe end windings in the manner described, entering the circumferentialduct, 2', whence it flows in the direction of the arrows in Figure 2through the lower portions of the end windings e):- tcrnal to thediverters to the outlet, 70.

The diverters are preferably made of an insulating material on accountof their proximity to the stator end windings which are at highpotential.

It will be seen that with the arrangement described by-passing of theend windings by the cooling air is rendered impossible, all the airentering a particular cell being compelled to pass through the windings.

It will also be observed that the joints between the windings, m, of thestationary armature which are embedded in a manner not unusual in thelaminated core, a, and the end windings at which points maximum heatingoccurs, are very eificiently cooled, as they are arranged directly inthe path of the cooling air.

In order to reduce the amount of fitting required to adjust the radialand circumferential 'diverters to the stator end shields, the form ofthe invention illustrated in Figures 3 to 5 may be adopted.

According to this form the stator armature, 0, is wound with a two-layerWinding of basket formation, the end windings, 1), running from a pointin proximity to the rotor outwardly at an angle as shown to a point oflarger diameter so as to leave a space of wedge-shaped cross-sectionbetween the windings and the body, 7, of the stator casing.

Within this Wedge-shaped space and at or about its maximum diameter, acircumferential diverter, s, is arranged passing, it may be, round theupper two-thirds of the circumference, while the radial diverters, t,spaced at appropriate intervals are arranged so as to divide theremainder of the wedge-like space into cells each of which is suppliedwith air through an appropriate aperture, u, in the manner describedabove in relation to the first form of the invention.

It will be seen that with such an arrangement, the fitting andadjustment of the diverters are effected between the end wings, p,themselves and the body, 7', of the stator casing and are therebyconsiderably simplified.

If desired, an additional section of circumferential diverter, 8, may befitted round about the lower third between the end windings and thestator end shields, 1), at about the point of maximum diameter of suchwindings so as to re-direct the cooling air through the lower portion ofthe end windings before it passes to the outlet.

The particular examples of the invention described above by way ofillustration may be varied as regards the position of the inlet andoutlet to each cell and the position of the diverters to aconsiderableextent without exceeding the scope of the invention, whilein addition, if desired, the flow of cooling medium may be reversed sothat what has been described as the outlet for each cell becomes theinlet, and vice versa.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. In combination in a dynamo-electricmachine, stator end windings together with means for ensuring thepassage of cooling air through said end windings, said means includingradial and circumferential diverters, as set forth.

2. In combination in a dynamo-electric machine, stator end windingstogether with means for ensuring the passage of cooling air through saidend windings, said means including radial and circumferential divertersforming walls of a series of cells, as set forth.

3. In combination in a dynamo-electric machine, a stator body, statorend windings and circumferential diverters located between said body andend windings, as set forth.

4. In combination in a dynamo-electric machine, a stator body, statorend windings and circumferential and radial diverters located betweensaid body and end windings, as set forth.

5. In combination in a dynamo-electric machine, a stator body having anend wall, stator end windings running at an angle to said wall to formwedge-shaped space and circumferential diverters located in said space,as set forth.

6. In combination in a dynamo-electric machine, a stator body having anend wall, stator end windings running at an angle to said wall to form awedge-shaped space and circumferential and radial diverters located insaid space, as set forth.

7. In combination in a dynamo-electric machine, a stator having an endshield, stator end windings, means for directin cooling air through saidend windings and a length of circumferential diverter located betweensaid windings and end shield to re-direct the air through anotherportion of said end windings, as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS.

JESSEL ROSEN.

